存儲(chǔ)

雞你太美

       Storage JM DeLong, Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This article is a revision of the previous edition article by J.M. DeLong, R.K. Prange, volume 2, pp. 823–835,
2003, Elsevier Ltd.
　　Abstract The successful storage of perishable crops after harvest has been a critical concern in human societies for as long as agriculture has been practiced. Civilizations flourish when their populace has access to a nutritious food supply long after crop harvest. Although advances in technology provide modernity with new or improved methods for better and longer storage, today's challenges are very similar to those the ancients faced: how to retain the nutritive, sensory, and otherwise utilizable value of the crop for as long as possible with minimal loss or degradation abundance exists, successful storage of the excess harvest is essential for releasing it to the marketplace at the most economically opportune time. Thus, crop storage capacity is one of the most fundamental economic pillars of any civilization. This article focuses on key historical, physiological, and biochemical aspects, as well as related technical and process facets of crop storage science with emphasis on fruits and vegetables. At its conclusion, it is hoped that the reader will understand that with the capacity to store food crops well, societies flourish; without that capacity, they do not.
　　只要農(nóng)業(yè)得到實(shí)踐，在收獲后成功地儲(chǔ)存易腐作物一直是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題。當(dāng)人們?cè)谧魑锸斋@后很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間能夠獲得營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的食物供應(yīng)時(shí)，文明就會(huì)繁榮起來(lái)。盡管技術(shù)的進(jìn)步為現(xiàn)代性提供了更好和更長(zhǎng)的儲(chǔ)存時(shí)間的新方法或改進(jìn)方法，但今天的挑戰(zhàn)與古人所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)非常相似：如何盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地保持作物的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值、感官價(jià)值和其他可利用價(jià)值，同時(shí)盡量減少損失或降解，豐度存在，儲(chǔ)存成功。對(duì)于在的時(shí)機(jī)將其投放市場(chǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，超額收獲是的。因此，作物儲(chǔ)存能力是任何文明最基本的經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱之一。本文著重介紹了作物貯藏科學(xué)的主要?dú)v史、生理和生化方面，以及相關(guān)的技術(shù)和工藝方面，重點(diǎn)介紹了水果和蔬菜。在其結(jié)論中，希望讀者能夠理解，有了良好的糧食儲(chǔ)存能力，社會(huì)就會(huì)繁榮；沒(méi)有這種能力，社會(huì)就不會(huì)繁榮。
　　Keywords ：Carbon dioxide、Climacteric、Controlled atmosphere storage、EthyleneFruit quality、Modified atmosphere、Modified atmosphere packaging、Oxygen、Postharvest、Respiration Temperature